The Life And Times Of The Typical Roman Legionaire Essays

The Life and Times of the Typical Roman Legionaire The Life and Times of the Typical Roman Legionaire The life of a typical Roman Legionaire was a hard one. The combination of brutal training, discipline and organization, and long forced marches with many pounds of equipment all contributed to this, but because of these, the Roman Legions were a force to be reckoned with in the ancient world. The purpose of this website is to demonstrate that though the life of a Legionaire was a tough one, it is because of this that the Roman Empire was so succesful. This website will describe the hardships of training, discipline and organization, and the marches that contributed to the hard life of a legionaire. The brutal training of the Roman Legionaire was tough, but very neccesary in order to make the lethal war machine of the Empire function properly. First of all, to even become eligible for the army, you had to be a 5'8" Roman citizen, you could be another nationality but you would be classified as an auxilliary, and you had to be in good health. You would then be rigorously trained by the Centurions whom you would fear worse than the enemy, for they would be swift and brutal with punishments. Forced marches while in precise formation and carrying all your equipment and armour would all be part of a normal day. You would be expected to be able to swim with and without your armour on, and be able to march for 20 miles with 60-80 lbs of equipment without breaking formation. The soldiers were trained relentlessly in fighting in formation with different types of weapons, and also single combat. The standard drill involved using a sword against a post embedded in the ground, or against a real opponent, over and over again so a soldier could learn where to hit, and to hit that point accurately. The Armatura, or Gladiatorial drill, was also used to allow to equally, or otherwise, matched opponents to spar against each other. All this training lead to the final orginization of the legion. The training, coupled with the orginization and discipline of the legionaires made them the premiere fighting force of the ancient world. The Roman army was divided up into ranks, much like a modern military is today, which allowed a great amount of control to be used in a tough battle situation. A new soldier accepted into the army was given the rank of hastati and was assigned to a contubernium, the smallest unit in the Roman army, which was comprised of 8 men, a tent and an ass. The hastati were the front lines in battle, so high death rates were to be expected, but these were much less than that of the other armies the legions fought, due to the training the hastati got before battle. The next rank, principe, was given to the soldier who had survived 2 or more battles, and was deemed worthy by his Centurion, and these soldiers comprised the second rank. The job of the principe was to make sure that the formation stayed together, and to deal swift punishment by means of death if any hastati broke ranks and began to run away. The final rank given to a mile (ordinary soldiers) was that of triarii, or the most vetran soldier of the unit. This rank was obtained through sheer determination and skill displayed on the battlefield, and was often the highest rank awarded to a soldier not of noble blood. The job of the triarii was the same as the principe, but was also to keep the principes from running and to help fend off flanking and rear attacks. Because they were the most battle hardened troops, triarii could enforce punishments given by the centurion of the unit, and to punish anyone who did not follow orders. The rank given to soldiers of noble blood, or to triarii who had proven themselves, was the rank of Centurion. The Centurion was the commander of a unit, similar to a Battalion Commander in modern day militaries. They had the job of not only fighting alongside his men, but also dealing punishments, such as decimation, where one soldier out of ten was selected for the wrongdoings of another, and the other nine soldiers would stone the luckless soldier to death. If a Centurion was found worthy, he might even be promoted to general, but the common Centurion had no hope of this. The Centurion was also in charge of making sure that all his mens' equipment and

The Life And Times Of The Typical Roman Legionaire Essays

The Life and Times of the Typical Roman Legionaire The Life and Times of the Typical Roman Legionaire The life of a typical Roman Legionaire was a hard one. The combination of brutal training, discipline and organization, and long forced marches with many pounds of equipment all contributed to this, but because of these, the Roman Legions were a force to be reckoned with in the ancient world. The purpose of this website is to demonstrate that though the life of a Legionaire was a tough one, it is because of this that the Roman Empire was so succesful. This website will describe the hardships of training, discipline and organization, and the marches that contributed to the hard life of a legionaire. The brutal training of the Roman Legionaire was tough, but very neccesary in order to make the lethal war machine of the Empire function properly. First of all, to even become eligible for the army, you had to be a 5'8" Roman citizen, you could be another nationality but you would be classified as an auxilliary, and you had to be in good health. You would then be rigorously trained by the Centurions whom you would fear worse than the enemy, for they would be swift and brutal with punishments. Forced marches while in precise formation and carrying all your equipment and armour would all be part of a normal day. You would be expected to be able to swim with and without your armour on, and be able to march for 20 miles with 60-80 lbs of equipment without breaking formation. The soldiers were trained relentlessly in fighting in formation with different types of weapons, and also single combat. The standard drill involved using a sword against a post embedded in the ground, or against a real opponent, over and over again so a soldier could learn where to hit, and to hit that point accurately. The Armatura, or Gladiatorial drill, was also used to allow to equally, or otherwise, matched opponents to spar against each other. All this training lead to the final orginization of the legion. The training, coupled with the orginization and discipline of the legionaires made them the premiere fighting force of the ancient world. The Roman army was divided up into ranks, much like a modern military is today, which allowed a great amount of control to be used in a tough battle situation. A new soldier accepted into the army was given the rank of hastati and was assigned to a contubernium, the smallest unit in the Roman army, which was comprised of 8 men, a tent and an ass. The hastati were the front lines in battle, so high death rates were to be expected, but these were much less than that of the other armies the legions fought, due to the training the hastati got before battle. The next rank, principe, was given to the soldier who had survived 2 or more battles, and was deemed worthy by his Centurion, and these soldiers comprised the second rank. The job of the principe was to make sure that the formation stayed together, and to deal swift punishment by means of death if any hastati broke ranks and began to run away. The final rank given to a mile (ordinary soldiers) was that of triarii, or the most vetran soldier of the unit. This rank was obtained through sheer determination and skill displayed on the battlefield, and was often the highest rank awarded to a soldier not of noble blood. The job of the triarii was the same as the principe, but was also to keep the principes from running and to help fend off flanking and rear attacks. Because they were the most battle hardened troops, triarii could enforce punishments given by the centurion of the unit, and to punish anyone who did not follow orders. The rank given to soldiers of noble blood, or to triarii who had proven themselves, was the rank of Centurion. The Centurion was the commander of a unit, similar to a Battalion Commander in modern day militaries. They had the job of not only fighting alongside his men, but also dealing punishments, such as decimation, where one soldier out of ten was selected for the wrongdoings of another, and the other nine soldiers would stone the luckless soldier to death. If a Centurion was found worthy, he might even be promoted to general, but the common Centurion had no hope of this. The Centurion was also in charge of making sure that all his mens' equipment and

THE TEMPEST AND TWO SUPPLEMENTARY TEXTS

THE TEMPEST AND TWO SUPPLEMENTARY TEXTS "The journey not the arrival matters."The above statement: "the journey not the arrival matters," holds very little credibility. This can be seen by the examination of 3 texts, all of different medium that portray similar, yet differently expressed ideas about the imaginative journey. The play: The Tempest (1623), by William Shakespeare will be shown to argue that the ultimate result for the real world is the most important issue, yet cannot be arrived at without the presence of an imaginative journey. The picture book Where the Wild Things Are by author Maurice Sendak will be shown to explore the ultimate effects for the real world, and hence the destination as the most important aspect, however again, the imaginative journey is essential to the ultimate arrival of the journey in the text. The final assertion of the importance of the arrival can be seen in Coleridge's Poem This Lime Tree Bower My prison where a message will be clearly learned as a result of the imaginative journey, hence affirming the importance of the journey's arrival.List of titles of works based on Shakespearean phr...All the texts have catalysts, journey processes and results, most often in the form of learning, and since these journeys cause a change in their protagonists when they return from their imaginative journey, it accentuates the importance of both the journey and subsequently, the arrival. Each text from different periods in time will support the 'contradictory statement' that "the journey and the arrival matter"The Tempest is a Renaissance play that explores the artificial construct of an island as a place of magic and imagination, yet despite the centrality of imagination to the play, its ultimate concern is for the effects of in the arrival in the real world. This can be seen with the harpy banquet scene, whereby the phantasm of the harpies as an illusionary...

Definition and Examples of Zeugma

Definition and Examples of Zeugma Zeugma is a  rhetorical term for the use of a word to modify or govern two or more words although its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one. Adjective: zeugmatic. Rhetorician Edward P.J. Corbett offers this distinction between zeugma and syllepsis: in zeugma, unlike syllepsis, the single word does not fit grammatically or idiomatically with one member of the pair. Thus, in Corbetts view, the first example below would be syllepsis, the second zeugma: You are free to execute your laws, and your citizens, as you see fit.(Star Trek: The Next Generation)Kill the boys and the luggage!​(Fluellen in William Shakespeares Henry V) However, as Bernard Dupriez points out in A Dictionary of Literary Devices (1991), There is little agreement among rhetoricians on the difference between syllepsis and zeugma, and Brian Vickers notes that even the Oxford English Dictionary confuses syllepsis and zeugma (Classical Rhetoric in English Poetry, 1989). In contemporary rhetoric, the two terms are commonly used interchangeably to refer to a figure of speech in which the same word is applied to two others in different senses. Etymology From the Greek, a yoking, a bond Examples and Observations Zeugma is when a word applies to two others in different ways; or to two words when it only semantically suits one. An example of the former quotes Alanis Morissette: You held your breath and the door for me. How chivalrous and zeugmatic. An example of the latter is with wailing mouths and hearts- but dont blame Morissette for this doggerel.(Gary Nunn, Move Over, George Orwell- This Is How to Sound Really Clever. The Guardian, October 11, 2013)He carried a strobe light and the responsibility for the lives of his men.(Tim OBrien, The Things They Carried. McClelland Stewart, 1990)She arrived in a taxi and a flaming rage.(John Lyons, Semantics. Cambridge University  Press, 1977)We were partners, not soul mates, two separate people who happened to be sharing a menu and a life.(Amy Tan, The Hundred Secret Senses. Ivy Books, 1995)[H]e was alternately cudgelling his brains and his donkey when, passing the workhouse, his eyes encountered the bill on the gate.(Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist , 1839) I just blew my nose, a fuse, and three circuit breakers.(The Jim Henson Hour, 1989)I was in no sort of nick for this encounter, I admit, full of fear and afternoon scotch and the homeward tug.(Marin Amis, Money. Jonathan Cape, 1984)Whether the nymph shall break Dianas law,Or some frail China-jar receive a flaw,Or stain her honour, or her new brocade.(Alexander Pope, The Rape of the Lock, 1717)She lowered her standards by raising her glass,Her courage, her eyes and his hopes.(Flanders and Swann, Have Some Madeira, MDear)The theme of the Egg Hunt is learning is delightful and delicious- as, by the way, am I.(Allison Janney as C.J. Cregg in The West Wing) Zeugma as a Writing Fault Like syllepsis, the figure known as zeugma uses a single word to link two thoughts, but in syllepsis the relationship of the linking word to both ideas is correct, whereas in zeugma the relationship is correct for one idea but not for the other. A fabricated example of zeugma might be, He sat munching his sandwich and his beer. An actual example from fiction is, Something odd in the behavior of the pair held his attention and his curiosity. The term zeugma is often used to refer to syllepsis, but as here distinguished it obviously is a writing fault, which syllepsis is not. (Theodore Bernstein, The Careful Writer: A Modern Guide to English Usage. Simon Schuster, 1965)Zeugma is often accidental, as in She wore a rusty black dress, a feather boa, and an alligator handbag; since wore has no legitimate application to handbag, this zeugma is an error. (Edward D. Johnson, The Handbook of Good English. Washington Square, 1991)Confusing and Contradictory Distinctions Between Zeugma and Syll epsisAlthough commentators have historically tried to distinguish between zeugma and syllepsis, the distinctions have been confusing and contradictory: even today agreement on definitions in the rhetorical handbooks is virtually nil (The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993).  Were better off using zeugma in its broadest sense and not confusing matters by introducing syllepsis, a little-known term the meaning of which even the experts cant agree on.  (Bryan A. Garner, The Oxford Dictionary of American Usage and Style, 4th ed. Oxford University Press, 2016) Pronunciation: ZOOG-muh

Islamism in Nubia and Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Islamism in Nubia and Egypt - Essay Example The arrival of the Arab Muslims into the Christian Country of Egypt began the call to Islam. They penetrated the country to restrain it and bring it under their dominion. Their arrival sparked off the process of Islamization in Egypt. Although throughout the history of Egypt the conversion to Islam was quite gradual but a steady trickle of Copts converting to Islam was inevitable. At some points, this trickle distended to a steady or even gushing flow of new converts. The Islamisation of Egypt went through stages which were diverse in nature and occurred at different stages in its history. People in Egypt were taken by surprise when the triumph of the Muslim Brotherhood achieved a fifth parliamentary seat in the 2005 elections. Concurrent to this shock is the escalating number of attacks on Copts in the country. These two events are in fact connected and should be viewed as a natural consequence of persistent efforts over the past few decades to Islamise the country. Egypt's system o f government that was on the threshold of collapse under a corrupt monarchy some six decades ago, nearly succumb to the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood. ... of the "Free Officers" had formerly been Brotherhood members and, as new leaders, it was apparent they had exceptional connections with the Brotherhood, but the realities of ruling soon led to differences of interests. This eventually led to the ban of the Brotherhood in 1954, and its objectives and designs had to be set aside. Nevertheless, these goals and aspirations never really died. The years of the Nasser with successes, losses, and experimentations with Arabism and socialism, those set-aside aspirations were revived with the arrival of Anwar Sadat. He commenced his rule by providing avenues to the Brotherhood and other Islamic groups. He then began what has been famously dubbed as the "Great Islamic Transformation" of Egypt. There transpired changes in the constitution to where the Principles of Islamic Shari'a were "a main source" of legislation. This was stipulated in the Second Article of his new Constitution that was promulgated in 1971. The "a" was then replaced with "the", that made Shari'a the term of reference for the entire constitution, therefore stating that all other articles will be interpreted in that sense. This was done in May of 1981. This significant change provided the official, political, and 'psychological' foundation for the Islamic transformation to advance in an unstoppable pace. "I am a Muslim president of a Muslim state." This famous slogan of Sadat was an apparent manifestation of this historical transformation. Those who have endured the most sufferings during the drastic transformation are the Copts. "I can no longer stand the insults and the spitting in my face because I don't wear hijab. I have become a stranger to my own country." This was a statement made by a young Coptic woman from Alexandria, as quoted by one of the

Supervision Mnagement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Supervision Mnagement - Essay Example The supervisors or the line managers are more important in organization’s today because they are the ones that directly interact with the employees (Thornhill & Saunders, 1998). To what extent leaders and managers in the hospitality units are able to achieve their goals will be critically analysed here. Performance management requires the evaluation of contemporary theories of human psychology and their application to performance of individuals at work place. According to Brownell (2003), communication is the most vital tool for a manager for improving individual and organizational performance. The hospitality industry is service oriented and service is synonymous with effective communication. It thus becomes important for managers to make their messages clear, to maintain and develop positive relationships with both customers and employees. Performance management requires the managers to ensure that employees’ activities and output are congruent with organizational goals. They need to set standards, assess result and plan for improvement (Schermerhorn et al., 2004 cited by Gross, 2007). A good performance management system can help to reduce turnover, increase productivity, improve individual performance, improve morale, reduce conflict and eliminate gaps and overlaps. In evaluating performance and objective evaluation method should be employed which should be able to pinpoint the areas where improvement is needed. An efficient system can also help to identify the superior workers in the organization. Workers’ participation leads to commitment and improved morale. While supervisory leadership is essential, the supervisor must be able to work together as a team. An effective reward system should be linked to how well each worker meets the performance standards. Since the hospitality industry is volatile and the services have to be changed with the customer demands, it lays stress on the employees. Hence an annual performance appraisal is not

Utilitarianism - Justice Essay Example for Free

Utilitarianism Justice Essay A person who is a utilitarian believes in one principle of utility, which is to opt for an action that will bring the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people (Ronsenstand, 2013). It is not a decision made with selfish intentions, as it does not matter who benefits from the decision, as long as it is for the greater good. The utilitarian belief can be a solution to certain moral problems, but there are also problems that may arise from it. One of the problems of the utilitarian theory is that it is hedonistic and ignores individual rights (Sandel, 2009). Utilitarians will often look at the ‘big picture’ to determine the course of action that should be taken. If the decision is made in favor of the happiness of the greatest number of people, then what happens to those who are in the minority group? One example is the death of 6 months old Isis Charm Vas who was thought to be murdered by her babysitter, Ernie Lopez in 2011. Medical examiners failed to take into consideration that the child might be suffering from a rare blood disease. It is often found that in cases concerning the death of children, the law is quick to convict a person just to close the case as it impacts the society emotionally. Similarly, William Dillon served 27 years in prison for murder before he was exonerated from the crime he did not commit. It is not unusual for the law to convict innocent people just to provide closure for the family of the victims and also to give a sense of satisfaction or justice to the society. Society will naturally demand justice for these murders, thus putting pressure on the law to act quickly and often, make costly mistakes on behalf of innocents in the process. These people might sometimes be considered as ‘scapegoats’. Based on these cases, a utilitarian might argue that in general, it might bring a greater good to the vast majority if such criminal cases were brought to a closure, no matter if the person is truly innocent or not. Sacrificing one person is better than the unhappiness of a whole society. Closure reduces the hype around a particular case especially if it concerns children, which plays with the sympathy and anger of the society. The theory of utilitarian might argue that it is more important to restore the faith of the people in the law. If too much time is spent finding exact evidence pointing to the right offender in a case like Isis Charm Vas, the community might lose faith in the law thus creating even more problems in future. If no one trusts the law to provide justice, people might stop abiding the law altogether.

The Pent-up Guilt in Macbeth :: Macbeth essays

The Pent-up Guilt in Macbeth      Ã‚   There is hardly any emotion in William Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth that outweighs that of guilt. Both Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are seriously compromised by the impact of this emotion.    Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare explain how guilt impacts Lady Macbeth:    Lady Macbeth is of a finer and more delicate nature. Having fixed her eye upon the end - the attainment for her husband of Duncan's crown - she accepts the inevitable means; she nerves herself for the terrible night's work by artificial stimulants; yet she cannot strike the sleeping king who resembles her father. Having sustained her weaker husband, her own strength gives way; and in sleep, when her will cannot control her thoughts, she is piteously afflicted by the memory of one stain of blood upon her little hand.   (792)    In Fools of Time: Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye sees a relationship between Macbeth's guilt and his hallucinations:    The future moment is the moment of guilt, and it imposes on one, until it is reached, the intolerable strain of remaining innocent. [. . .] We notice that anyone who is forced to brood on the past and expect the future lives in a world where that which is not present is present, in other words in a world of hallucination. Macbeth's capacity for seeing things that may or may not be there is almost limitless, and the appearance of the mousetrap play to Claudius, though more easily explained, has the same dramatic point as the appearance of Banquo's ghost. (90)    Fanny Kemble in "Lady Macbeth" asserts that Lady Macbeth was unconscious of her guilt, which nevertheless killed her:    Lady Macbeth, even in her sleep, has no qualms of conscience; her remorse takes none of the tenderer forms akin to repentance, nor the weaker ones allied to fear, from the pursuit of which the tortured soul, seeking where to hide itself, not seldom escapes into the boundless wilderness of madness. A very able article, published some years ago in the National Review, on the character of Lady Macbeth, insists much upon an opinion that she died of remorse, as some palliation of her crimes, and mitigation of our detestation of them. That she died of wickedness would be, I think, a juster verdict. Remorse is consciousness of guilt .

Dog Food Essay

Dogs are probably the most common and numerous pet in World, and Mexico is not the exception for this rule. The purpose of this work is to analyze the characteristics of the demand for the dog food business in Mexico. This business has shown a CAGR of 3% during the last six years. Dog Food business is divided in three categories based on food type: Dry Dog Food, Wet Dog Food and Treats / Mixers. The most important category is Dry Dog Food with 89% far followed by Wet Dog Food with the 6%. There is another category division based on price: Super Premium, Premium and Standard. In terms of Market players there are 13 competitors in this category: The most important producers are EFFEM with 48% of market share and Nestle with 21%. Regarding brands, the most important are: Pedigree: 33%, Dog Chow 7%, Perfect Fit 5% and Eukanuba with the 5%. DogFood Brand Shares % 2008 DogFoodCompanyShares % 2008 Methodology For the analysis of the dog food market, it was necessary to do a research for the market trends (increase/decrease of dog population, education of the dog owners about benefits of dog food); the view of the dog owners about the dog food and its presentations, prices and quality. As well as the willingness of the dog owners to continue buying the dog food in the changing circumstances of the market (price raising, economic crisis, market substitutes, etc. ). The steps followed to achieve this objective are: 1. Bibliographic investigation of the market size for dog food in the Mexican market, the view of the dog owners, the companies producing dog food, price, substitutes. 2. Comparison of the indicated characteristics through and between years 3. Interpretation of the collected data to observe the market behavior for this particular industry, when faces changes in the dog owner view of the market, crisis or rising of prices. 4. Determination of the challenges faced by the industry. 5. Conclusions. Determinants of Demand: 1. -Price As up year 2008, the demand felt down 21% in comparison to previous year. Among the main reasons for this fall are: The row material cost of producers increased due to the Mexican currency devaluation. This fact â€Å"forced† the manufacturers to transfer the cost increase to the consumers. Since this market is considered an Oligopoly, the demand is elastic to the price changes. In addition, it is easy to find substitutes products; such as: Human food leftovers. The outcome of the described situation pushed the demand down. The â€Å"Mon and Pop† distribution channel leveraged the circumstances and offered the market Dog food in bulk. This strategy allowed them to maintain their sales in spite of the reduced total market. As a result, the producers decided to launch smaller size presentations, which in the long run stopped the sales fall, reducing the sales fall from 21% in 2008, down to only 3% in 2009. . -Marketing Initiatives -Dog owner emotional engagement fuels potential market growth Manufactures realized that the ratio of dog per household was still low, making evidence that there was still a significant growth potential. As a consequence, dog food producers encouraged diverse nonprofit associations to promote emotional engagement to the dog wellness. Dog owners started to care more about: Nutrition, health care and dog pampering. Therefore, the manufacturers found new market niches for new products, such as super premium brands focused on health enhancement or treats to pamper the dog. The current dog owning households ratio in Mexico has grown from 38. 3% in 2004 up to 40. 5% into to 2009. In order to exploit this booming market, different efforts have been done by producers, launching marketing campaigns such as: â€Å"Adopta un perro†. – Awareness of Dog Food benefits In addition, manufacturers realized that the ratio of dog food prepared vs. none prepared was too low in Mexico. Therefore, manufacturers began to develop marketing strategies in order to create a higher awareness of dog food benefits. These strategies were mainly implemented through: ) TV advertising campaigns Emotional situations between owner and pet were exploited by producers to encourage pet care i. e. EFFEMS Perfect fit showing a situation suggesting that the dog wants a balance life, such as the owner enjoys. b) Point of Purchase material. Additional exhibition at key seller â€Å"hot spots† were implemented to promote the different products benefits i. e. Hill Pet Nutr ition, which sells only through veterinary sale points, spread out brochures in the veterinary clinics and pet stores. c) Consumer Promotions Producers decided to increase sales volume in the short term by encourage the consumer through give away attractive items for each product bough i. e. Dog Chow promotion in which a dog bed was gave away when customer purchased a package of four kg and above; in a similar promotion, premium brand Beneful offered a free dog bowl. d) Sponsorships Producers developed different sponsorship programs to increment brand awareness i. e. â€Å"Incredible dog challenge†. e) Product Innovation In order to maintain, and even increase profit margin, producers improved the food formulations and packages. I-e. (Nestle’s effort to re-launch Campeon brand with a different formula using the slogan of â€Å"looking similar to human food†. All these efforts helped to reduce the shortfall of 8 pps showed between 2007 and 2008 down to only 1 pps between 2008 and 2009. Conclusions The market of dog food has changed in last few years, due of the changes in the perception of the pets inside families, mostly in developed countries. Dogs are the most common and numerous pets, and nowadays are treated as another member inside the family. Dog owners pamper their dogs, and care about the nutrition and general wellbeing of their animals. One of the findings about this market is that it has an elastic demand, strongly dependent of the income of the families in Mexico; as income decreases, the demand for dog food decreases as well. Besides, the dog food in Mexican market has one mayor (and almost free) substitute: the human food leftovers. Commonly, the families, mostly the low income ones, feed their dogs with the food they don’t use, or the parts of the meat markets that is not sold for human consumption. Because of that elastic demand, the industry had the need to change the ways producers do business. First, market players need ongoing innovation to adapt themselves to the changing needs of the market, such as: New and smaller size presentations, sales and marketing promotions, effective campaigns of education on how to feeding dogs with specialized and prepared food. These initiatives, along with dog adoption programs were key elements to increase market penetration. Currently, the industry of dog food is facing new challenges as low recovery of world economy, need of new formulation and customized and specialized products (aged dogs, puppies, small breeds, active dogs and sedentary dogs) demand from producers more effective sales promotions to change the mindset of the Mexican consumer about feeding dogs with the â€Å"leftovers†.

Assignment Final Proposal

In order to enter the global economy, Future Growth Inc. Must gain financial support to achieve appropriate prices and adequate advertisement. Market Structure Future Growth Inc. Holds the determination and ability to gain success. Since being established in 1946, Future Growth Inc. Has financed, built, and sold its brand of forestry and construction equipment. The company has been able to increase profits over the years. As the United States' economy fell, Future Growth Inc. Experienced one-third of its workforce being laid off, a 30 percent decline in profits, and a domino effect from the reduction of sousing market sales.These factors have hindered the construction industry in its entirety. Nursing homes and hospitals still hold a demand for building construction within the united States, despite the economic recession (University of Phoenix, 2014). The heavy construction equipment necessary for the development of bridges, water lines, manufacturing and energy plants, nonresidenti al as well as residential buildings, and roads is manufactured by Future Growth Inc. Among this heavy construction equipment are mixers, off-highway trucks, large cranes, papers, and bulldozers.Having been in the industry for over Alfa of a century, Future Growth Inc. Is an experienced company. Executives have realized that collecting the funds necessary for the investment of this heavy equipment is greatly influenced by the arbitration rate, per capita income, various social conditions, and the existing infrastructure's condition (Gross & Weiss, 1996). The Thomas Money Service Inc. Scenario provided by university of Phoenix (2014) shares, ‘There are currently many domestic and international companies manufacturing construction and forestry equipment.Each company s equipment offers slightly different features and functions, which allows the market to supply many substitutes† (Para 6). This industry is an oligopoly market structure, as it is a market dominated by only a s elect few manufactures of a differentiated or homogeneous product (McConnell, Bruce, & Flynn, 2009). Future Growth Inc. Aims to advertise its unique products in the Middle East, specifically in United Arab Emirates. Product Elasticity Experts insist that construction machinery demand in the Middle East has steadily increased.A number of factors will continue to drive the demand for such machinery in this area Of the world (Sway, 2010. ) Sway (2010) shares hat the General Manager of the AJAX Contractors Association, Humid Salem stated, â€Å"As major developers start to repay contractors, they will be able to repay their sub-contractors and suppliers, giving a major boost to the industry as a whole. This will lead to more growth in the sector, and create a renewed demand for construction machinery as new projects get underway† (Para 3). Future Growth Inc. Also hopes to lease or sell more than 500 pieces of equipment has have been repossessed during the global economic recessio n. In the United States, these products are elastic, while demand elasticity in the Middle East is fairly lower. This provides a great opportunity for Future Growth Inc. To take advantage of that area's new demand for construction. Increasing a business' revenue can be achieved in three different ways: the value of client sales can be increased, client numbers can be increased, and client loyalty can be increased. Raising the price of a service or good is the fastest way to increase revenues.However, price increases for goods and services may not always be the best route to take when increasing revenues is the goal. Client loyalty to the company and product can prove to increase venues, as these loyal customers are willing to pay the price that reflects the experience, value, and skills provided by Future Growth Inc. (Doyle, 2005). Doyle (2005) states, â€Å"Perhaps you need to lose some of the clients who were used to your low prices to make room for clients who are willing and ab le to pay the prices that reflect your true worth† (Para 16).Raising prices has the potential to attract new clientele, as the act of raising prices can express the value of the product provided. When a company holds confidence in its self- worth, the industry as a whole will notice and respond accordingly (Doyle, 2005). Consumers question the value of a product if they perceive prices as being too low. The company's growth can also be hindered if prices are too low, as it has entered an unequal exchange of value. Developing a marketing budget including the increased price from marketing costs is being considered by Future Growth Inc.The ultimate plan is to increase advertisement in the United Arab Emirates and United States. Nursing homes and hospitals may take advantage of repossessed inventory to help meet the demand that the industry has for new facilities. The economy of the United States remains an area of concern for Future Growth Inc. So, exiting this market is not inc luded in the company s plan for growth. Profit-maximizing quantity is a focus of Future Growth Inc. , which is determined through the use of the marginal analysis concept. Future Growth Inc. Determines marginal cost by subtracting the change in total costs. When marginal revenue is greater than marginal cost, the sales of Future Growth Inc. Must increase until marginal revenue and marginal cost are equal. This will optimize profits. The table provided by the University of Phoenix in the Thomas Money Service Inc. Scenario illustrates this. Minimizing product costs s a focus at Future Growth Inc. As well. Traveling by air can keep distribution costs high, whereas water travel can reduce these distribution costs.

Assess the Success of Augustus as a General and a Politician During This Period Essays

Assess the Success of Augustus as a General and a Politician During This Period Essays Assess the Success of Augustus as a General and a Politician During This Period Essay Assess the Success of Augustus as a General and a Politician During This Period Essay Assess the success of Augustus as a general and a politician during this period. (2007) Many consider Augustus to be Romes greatest emperor; his policies extended the Empires life span and initiated the celebrated Pax Romana. As a politician, he was intelligent, decisive and shrewd, and had a positive impact on the Roman government with his successful political reforms, such as his increase in the role and responsibility of the senate and his judicial changes. In addition, his reforms of the armed forces, changes to administration of the provinces and successful frontier policy helped him create a permanent, standing, professional army and thus achieve the reputation as a successful military general. Augustusâ„ ¢ success as a politician and general left a long-term legacy of Roman peace and prosperity that the Empire enjoyed for the next two centuries under the system he initiated. Augustusâ„ ¢ political reforms regarding the senate and magistrates were successful in establishing new order and contentment amongst members of the government. The administration of the Empire was an enormous task, thus Augustus needed to share the workload with the senators, and they co-operated in running the empire, dividing legislative, executive and judicial functions between them. Augustus improved the functions of the senate and magistrate through various reforms, such as the removal of unsuitable members and the restoration of dignity and responsibility by increasing the fines of non-attendance and forbidding senators to leave Italy without permission. However, Augustus kept in his own control the sanction of the army by remaining responsible for those provinces needing a military presence, thus there was still an unbalance in power. However, according to Scullard, the Senate as a whole was restored to a position of considerable prestige and influence. Augustusâ„ ¢ ref orms regarding the senate and magistrates were not exactly egalitarian, however the Senate enjoyed a new sense of responsibility, which enhanced the overall functioning of the government, as Suetonius states, He achieved success, having taken great trouble to prevent his political system from causing any individual distress. Therefore, Augustus success as a politician resulted in stability and peace within the government. Augustus also made beneficial changes to the Roman judicial system. He added a court for dealing with cases of adultery, increased the number of jurymen available and paid great attention to those selected on the panels. Trial procedures were improved, and to increase the speed at which justice was dispensed he increased the number of days on which cases would be heard. In addition, Augustus added two new high courts, the senatorial court and the imperial court. Suetonius states Augustus proved assiduous in his administration of justices. His judicial reforms proved successful in effectively minimising corruption, increasing the efficiency of justice and reversing defective past decisions. The results of these judicial reforms were the lasting peace and stability that the Roman Empire enjoyed for years to come. Therefore, as a politician, Augustus succeeded in restoring the Senate to a position of prestige and influence and improving the poorly organised judicial system. As a general, Augustus was also extremely successful, making positive changes in the armed forces, the administration of the provinces and the frontier policy. Under Augustus, the Roman Army increased in strength, loyalty and morale. His immediate task was to reduce the army to an effective size to increase stability and loyalty. In addition, soldiers were guaranteed regular pay, as Augustus states in the Res Gestae, I transferred out of my own patrimony 170 000 000 sesterces to the soldiersâ„ ¢ bonus funds. This would have again increased stability and loyalty towards Augustus. According to Scullard, Augustus created a professional standing force, loyal to the State and Princeps. Therefore, his changes to the Roman Army benefited the soldiers and the Roman state by increasing loyalty and contentment amongst the armed forces. His changes to the administration of the provinces also succeeded in maintaining peace and stability. Successful changes in provincial administration under Augustus included the division of the empire to avoid civil war, the introduction of a more equitable taxation system, greater care in the selection and control of governors and greater responsibility given to local communities. The frequent provincial inscriptions evoking gratitude to Augustus suggests that the principate had been enormously successful,  ¦the most perfect good, bringing to us Augustus, whom it has filled with virtue for the benefit of mankind ¦ Jones points out that the proconsuls of the provinces were still grossly extravagant and looked to their provinces to pay their debts and re-establish their fortune. However, Augustus paid great attention to the problems of the provinces and made major attempts to improve their running. Therefore, as a general, Augustus was extremely successful in managing the province s and thus can be held responsible for the establishment of peace, stability and security within the Roman Empire. In addition, Augustusâ„ ¢ frontier policies were largely successful. Under Augusuts, the army was becoming a frontier army, which, according to Shotter, sought the protection of Rome and Italy by the establishment of a buffer of provinces and pro-Roman territory, secure with visible frontiers. Augustusâ„ ¢ key aims regarding frontier policy included consolidating the territory Rome had already conquered, an end to unsystematic expansion and the pursuit of defensible frontiers. Scullard believes that Augustusâ„ ¢ frontier policy was greatly effective, and he concludes Augustus had, in general, achieved a lasing success. Augustusâ„ ¢ success as a general is reflected in the Prima Porta statue, which celebrates Augustus as a mighty conqueror. It depicts Augustus dressed as a victorious general holding a spear and wearing a breastplate and footwear associated with religious heroes, linking Augustus to the divinity of the gods. Not only does the statue celebrate the victory ov er the Parthians, but also the perfect world order brought by Augustus. The rich symbolic imagery of the statue reveals the extent to which Augustus was a successful politician and general. Augustus was an extremely successful leader who made beneficial changes to almost every aspect of Roman life. As a political and general, he made innumerable positive changes through his reorganization of the senate and magistrates, improved judicial system, reforms of the army, administration of the provinces and effective frontier policy. Many consider Augustus to be Romes greatest emperor; his policies extended the Empires life span and initiated the celebrated Pax Romana. Augustusâ„ ¢ success as a politician and general left a long-term legacy of Roman peace and prosperity that the Empire enjoyed for the next two centuries under the system he initiated.

Why The Most Human Company Wins With Mark Schaefer

Why The Most Human Company Wins With Mark Schaefer Are you dependent on technology? Rely on it to get you through the day? Suffer from shiny object syndrome? What would marketers do without technology? The hope is that technology helps marketers connect with customers in a more personable way. In reality, it’s killing marketings impact. Today, my guest is Mark Schaefer, author of Marketing Rebellion: The Most Human Company Wins. Mark shares how marketing should create amazing experiences at specific moments to help customers authentically connect with brands. Ready for a wake-up call? Traditional marketing strategies don’t meet customer expectations today Customers Takeover Control: Marketers are losing control of brand’s story, voice, and customer journey Where the action is: Shift focus from relying on technology and automation to actually talking to customers Human-centered Marketing Approach: Resonate with consumers and remove barriers by remembering what it’s like to be a customer Purpose of Marketing: Build emotional connections by bringing people together Experiential Marketing: Create encounter worthy of consumers giving brands their attention and sharing their story Testimonial Stats: Content about a brand created by a consumer gets 600% more engagement than content created by brand Taking Social out of Social Media: Easy button for automation and technology is opposite of what customers want; marketers have a way of ruining every medium Hurdles to Overcome: Organizational, cultural, leadership, and measurement Meaning is the New Marketing: Consumers want brands that represent values Levels of Loyalty: Shared Values: Take a stand to connect in a way that pushes loyalty Show up and Represent: Unifying and uplifting to display beliefs Dangerous Territory: Not every company needs to take stand/political view Words of Wisdom: Remember what its like to be a customer Be more human in everything you do Links: Mark Schaefer Marketing Rebellion: The Most Human Company Wins Marketing Companion Podcast The new battleground for marketing-led growth Talk Triggers by Jay Baer Tesla An Emotional Connection Matters More than Customer Satisfaction Earth Day Habitat for Humanity Nike Nearly Dropped Colin Kaepernick Before Embracing Him Write a review on iTunes and send a screenshot of it to receive cool swag! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Mark Schaefer: â€Å"Two-thirds of our marketing is occurring without us. The customer is in control. Advertising, loyalty, and the sales funnel are sort of in decline or, they’re gone.† â€Å"Marketing is about building emotional connections. Its hard to create an emotional connection to an ad, or a logo, or to a branded content; create connections to people.† â€Å"Wed rather not have a human voice in our company. Wed rather use personas and do automated messaging. Our social media presence has become soulless.† People want to know what you stay in for, what do you do, how do you treat your employees.

Moral Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Moral Problem - Essay Example This occurs when an organization has control over a large part of the market when compared to its main competitors (34). In most cases, the companies are normally given leeway to operate at the same level and in the same environment with other smaller companies. This is normally controversial because the smaller companies are expected to compete for the same customers as the bigger companies, even if they (the smaller companies) may sometimes have fewer resources. The matter is not helped by the fact that most governments do not have any legal frameworks to act as guides to what extent big multinationals can compete with smaller local companies (Koggel 47). Wal-Mart is inarguably the world’s largest retail store with operational branches in more than half of the world’s main cities. Due to its size and resources, the mega-store chain can afford to offer consumer products at relatively cheap prices as compared to other similar stores. This is normally a great problem to the smaller home grown retail stores which have to make profit and remain competitive at the same time. If they were to offer their products at the prices offered at Wal-Mart, many of them would incur great loses and would have to close business if they continued doing so.